Page 34 - ภาษาอังกฤษสำหรับครูสอนภาษา

1-24 ภาษาอังกฤษส�ำ หรับครูสอนภาษา

แบบฝึกปฏิบัติท่ี 5

อ่านขอ้ ความต่อไปนี้ แล้วตอบคำ� ถาม

Passage 1

Words have no inherent, innate, or divinely decreed meanings. Words merely
stand for, represent, or symbolize meaning. The creature we call a “whale” is not so
named because “whale” has some innate connection with large, aquatic mammals, but
because a majority of English-speakers use that name. Other language-speakers use
other names for “whale”: la baleine (French), der Walfisch (German), la ballena
(Spanish). All of these different terms are symbols for the creature itself, for the
referent, that is, the figure (or idea or action) to which a word refers.
1. What is the main idea of this passage?
2. Are words directly related to meaning?
3. Why is a whale called a “whale” in English?
4. What do the words la baleine, der Walfisch and la ballena illustrate?
5. What is a referent?

Passage 2

Most users of English are aware that the Roman alphabet — A, B, C, D.....
Z does not mean anything all by itself, but is merely a collection of twenty-six
distinguishable squiggles inherited from the Egyptians by way of the Akkadians, the
Phoenicians, the Hebrews, and the Greeks. A few of the squiggles, which we
ordinarily call letters and linguists call graphemes, may seem to mean something when
written alone (A, I, and possibly O), but there is actually only a very loose